Penard Labs

Penard Labs

● Discosea

Cavalier-Smith et al. 2004 sensu Smirnov et al. 2011

Flattened naked amoebae, never producing tubular, subcylindrical pseudopodia and never altering the locomotive form to the tubular, subcylindrical one; cytoplasmic flow polyaxial or without a pronounced axis; ciliated stages unknown; several taxa sporocarpic.

●● Flabellinia

Smirnov et al. 2005

Generally fan-shaped, oblong or irregularly triangular cells, never with pointed subpseudopodia.

●●● Thecamoebida

Schaeffer 1926 sensu Smirnov et al. 2011

Oblong, lingulate, or irregularly triangular amoebae, usually with dorsal folds and/or ridges; anterior hyaloplasm often forms an antero-lateral crescent and rarely occupies more than half of the body length; never produces discrete pseudopodia or subpseudopodia.

●●●● Thecamoeba

Schaeffer 1926, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2004

Oblong, flattened cell with dorsal folds and/or ridges; anterior hyaloplasm forms antero-lateral crescent and never occupies half or more of the body length; cell coat relatively thin, amorphous or with extra structures based on amorphous layer.

  •  Thecamoeba terricola

    Thecamoeba terricola

  •  Thecamoeba terricola

    Thecamoeba terricola

  •  Thecamoeba terricola

    Thecamoeba terricola

  •  Thecamoeba striata

    Thecamoeba striata

●●● Dermamoebida

Cavalier-Smith 2004

Oblong, lancet-shaped or irregularly triangular in locomotion; with smooth cell surface or with few wide ridges, never wrinkled; short, wide triangular pseudopodia and in some genera subpseudopodia of dactylopodial type; thick cell coat, multilayered or consisting of tightly packed helical structures.

●●●● Mayorella

Schaeffer 1926, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2004

Flattened amoebae producing short conical pseudopodia. Cell coat a thick, multilayered “cuticle”.
  •  Mayorella sp.

    Mayorella sp.

  •  Mayorella sp.

    Mayorella sp.

  •  Mayorella infected with the parasite Amoebophilus simplex

    Mayorella infected with the parasite Amoebophilus simplex

  •  Mayorella infected with the parasite Amoebophilus simplex

    Mayorella infected with the parasite Amoebophilus simplex

  •  Glycocalix

    Glycocalix

  •  infected with a parasite

    infected with a parasite

●●● Dactylopodida

Smirnov et al. 2005 sensu Kang et al. 2017

Locomotive form mostly has a shape of an irregular triangle with basement directed forward; wide anterior hyaloplasm; fibrous axial cores both in dactylopodia and in the floating pseudopodia.

●●●● Korotnevella

Schaeffer 1926, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2004

  •  Korotnevella sp.

    Korotnevella sp.

  •  Korotnevella sp.

    Korotnevella sp.

  •  Mayorella sp.

    Mayorella sp.

●●●● Neoparamoeba

●●●● Paramoeba

Schaudinn 1896

Flattened dactylopodial amoebae with blunt, hyaline subpseudopodia, conical or finger-shaped in outline. Cell coat consists of microscales, dense amorphous glycocalyx that may include hair-like structures, or dome-shaped glycostyles with hexagonal bases.
  •  Paramoeba atlantica

    Paramoeba atlantica

  •  Paramoeba atlantica

    Paramoeba atlantica

●●●● Pseudoparamoeba

(Page 1979) Udalov 2016

Locomotive form elongate, producing a few short conical pseudopodia from anterior hyaline zone and one to three long narrowly conical pseudopodia. Surface covered wit truncate glycostyles consisting of short hexagonal basal region and domed distal region or dish-shaped uniform scales. No parasome.
  •  Pseudoparamoeba microlepis

    Pseudoparamoeba microlepis

  •  Pseudoparamoeba microlepis

    Pseudoparamoeba microlepis

●●● Vannellida

Smirnov et al. 2005

Locomotive form fan-shaped to spatulate; cells do not form discrete pseudopodia or subpseudopodia; wide anterior hyaloplasm up to a half of the cell; posterior granuloplasm concentrated in a “hump”, often raised over the substratum; one species of Vannella (V. fimicola) with protosteloid sporocarps.

●●●● Vannella

Schaeffer 1926, emend. Cavalier-Smith 2004

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

  •  Vannella sp.

    Vannella sp.

●● Centramoebia

Cavalier-Smith et al. 2016

MTOC located near the dictyosome; several taxa with protosteloid sporocarpy. Pointed subpseudopodia common.

●●● Acanthopodida

Page 1976

Flattened with prominent subpseudopodia, flexible and tapering to a fine tip and sometimes furcated near their base (acanthopodia); without adhesive uroid, some species in culture appear as a branched, flattened sheet. At least two taxa, Acanthamoeba and Luapeleamoeba, contain species with protosteloid sporocarpy.

●●●● Acanthamoeba

  •  Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly  Protostelium pyriformis)

    Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly Protostelium pyriformis)

  •  Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly  Protostelium pyriformis)

    Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly Protostelium pyriformis)

  •  Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly  Protostelium pyriformis)

    Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly Protostelium pyriformis)

  •  Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly  Protostelium pyriformis)

    Acanthamoeba pyriformis (formerly Protostelium pyriformis)

●●●● Luapeleamoeba

  •  Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

    Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

  •  Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

    Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

  •  Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

    Luapeleamoeba arachisporum

●●●● Vacuolamoeba

Tice, Geisen, & Brown 2016

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis - Acanthopodia

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis - Acanthopodia

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis uroid

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis uroid

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis uroid details

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis uroid details

  •  Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis cyst

    Vacuolamoeba acanthoformis cyst

●●●● Dracoamoeba

  •  Dracoamoeba jomungandri

    Dracoamoeba jomungandri

  •  Dracoamoeba jomungandri

    Dracoamoeba jomungandri

  •  Dracoamoeba jomungandri

    Dracoamoeba jomungandri

●●● Himatismenida

Page 1987

Dorsal surface covered with a flexible coat (tectum) without a defined aperture; ventral surface entirely or partly naked; can form ventral flattened sheet of hyaloplasm used for adhesion to the substratum.

●●●● Ovalopodium

●●●● Cochliopodium

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